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Home Lab Computer Self Taught, Eager Learner also a Teacher (All of Us are!) Learning Trial and Error Successes:

Public Note:
Please allow me to share my Trial and Error Proxmox 9.1 and Hestia Control Panel, Webserver Port Forwarding Success:

Here is my entire Proxmox 9.1 installation and network settings:
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I Am That, I Am more than Happy to Share it Freely!

A Working Setup for Proxmox 9.1 🙂

I have the same thing made for Canonical LXD… 🙂 Happy Computing. 🙂

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Setup Overview

This was done on a Contabo VPS (Single IP Address, Operating System: Debian 13 Trixie)
And Raspberry Pi 5 (Single IP Address, Raspberry Pi OS: Debian 13 Trixie).

The Purpose of Intention is for: Hestia Control Panel, Webserver and Docker and Portainer Containers.

This is Covering Preparations of Networking: ifupdown2, DNS: resolvconf, hosts file settings before installing Proxmox 9.1 and the installation of Proxmox 9.1.

CVPS Proxmox 9.1 Installation

On the Host Computer

Preparations Before Installing Proxmox 9.1

CVPS Debian 13 Trixie Netplan original settings:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      match:
        macaddress: "00:50:56:5d:ae:35"
      addresses:
        - "66.94.124.242/21"
        - "2605:a141:2286:5037:0000:0000:0000:0001/64"
      nameservers:
        addresses:
          - 209.126.70.51
          - 209.126.70.52
          - 2605:a141:5028::1:53
        search: []
      set-name: "eth0"
      routes:
        - to: "default"
          via: "66.94.120.1"
        - on-link: true
          to: "default"
          via: "fe80::1"

Original /etc/hosts file (GNU nano 8.4):

Your system has configured ‘manage_etc_hosts’ as True. As a result, if you wish for changes to this file to persist then you will need to either:
a.) make changes to the master file in /etc/cloud/templates/hosts.debian.tmpl
b.) change or remove the value of ‘manage_etc_hosts’ in /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg or cloud-config from user-data

#
127.0.1.1 vmi2865037.contaboserver.net vmi2865037
127.0.0.1 localhost

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters

Change /etc/hosts to:

sudo nano /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost
66.94.124.242 cvpspmox.netfreund.com cvpspmox

Next time I’ll leave it with:
66.94.124.242 vmi2865037.contaboserver.net vmi2865037

Change the Static Hostname

sudo hostnamectl set-hostname cvpspmox

Prevent Cloud-Init from Managing /etc/hosts

sudo nano /var/lib/cloud/instance/user-data.txt

Change: manage_etc_hosts: true
To: manage_etc_hosts: false

In sudo nano /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg edit:

disable_root: false
ssh_pwauth: true

Uncomment: manage_etc_hosts: true

The modules that run in the ‘init’ stage — Uncomment:

- update_etc_hosts

Master Cloud Config File

sudo nano /etc/cloud/templates/hosts.debian.tmpl

127.0.0.1 localhost
66.94.124.242 cvpspmox.netfreund.com cvpspmox

resolvconf Settings

sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf

domain cvpspmox.netfreund.com
search cvpspmox.netfreund.com
nameservers 1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1
nameservers 209.126.70.51 209.126.70.52
nameservers 2605:a141:5028::1:53

Optional: Disable IPv6 on the Proxmox Node

sudo nano /etc/sysctl.d/disable-ipv6.conf

net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1

ifupdown2 /etc/network/interfaces Settings

The loopback network interface:

auto lo
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
    address 66.94.124.242/21
    netmask 255.255.248.0
    gateway 66.94.124.1
    dns-nameservers 1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1
    dns-nameservers 209.126.70.51 209.126.70.52
    dns-nameservers 2605:a141:5028::1:53
    dns-domain netfreund.com

Proxmox bridge:

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
    address 192.168.1.1/24
    bridge-ports none
    bridge-stp off
    bridge-fd 0

    # Rules to forward and masquerade the traffic of the VMs
    post-up   echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
    post-up   iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s '192.168.1.0/24' -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
    post-down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s '192.168.1.0/24' -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

    post-up   iptables -t raw -I PREROUTING -i fwbr+ -j CT --zone 1
    post-down iptables -t raw -D PREROUTING -i fwbr+ -j CT --zone 1

HCP Container Port Forwarding:

    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 2083 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:2083
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:80
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 443 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:443
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 143 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:143
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 993 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:993
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 110 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:110
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 25 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:25
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 465 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:465
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 587 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:587
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:53
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p udp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:53
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 21 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:21
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 22 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.2:22

NPM Container Port Forwarding:

    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 81 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.3:81
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 82 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.3:80
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 444 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.3:443
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 5354 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.3:53
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 5354 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.3:53
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 67 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.3:67
    post-up iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 84 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.3:80

Update ifupdown2

ifreload -a

On the VM set the following Network Settings:

IP:      192.168.1.2/24
GATEWAY: 192.168.1.1
NETMASK: 255.255.255.0

Test if ports are open:

tcpdump -eni vmbr0 port 80

Is any service listening on port number?

sudo ss -tuln | grep :80
sudo ss -tuln | grep :443

Try to connect and receive a file:

nc -l -p 80 > nc_.txt

Now Ready to Install Proxmox

Proxmox 9.1 Installation

Install Repository, Kernel, and Reboot

sudo apt update 
&& sudo apt install wget -y 
&& sudo wget https://enterprise.proxmox.com/debian/proxmox-release-trixie.gpg -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/proxmox-release-trixie.gpg 
&& sudo echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://download.proxmox.com/debian/pve trixie pve-no-subscription" 
| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pve-install-repo.list 
&& sudo apt update 
&& sudo apt full-upgrade -y 
&& sudo apt install -y proxmox-default-kernel 
&& sudo reboot

Install Packages and Remove Old Kernel

sudo apt install -y proxmox-ve postfix open-iscsi chrony 
&& sudo apt remove linux-image-amd64 'linux-image-6.12*' -y 
&& sudo update-grub 
&& sudo apt remove os-prober -y

Log In to Proxmox

https://localhost:8006

Proxmox Login Info:
Username: root
Password: HLoVe2012NowLive#

Now Ready for Installing Containers and VMs

Allow Unconfined AppArmor Access

sudo nano /etc/pve/lxc/100.conf  # hcp Hestia Control Panel, Webserver Container settings.
sudo nano /etc/pve/lxc/101.conf  # dp Docker, Portainer Container settings.
sudo nano /etc/pve/lxc/102.conf  # npm NginX Proxy Manager Container settings.
sudo nano /etc/pve/lxc/103.conf  # pihole Pi-Hole Container settings.

Add:

lxc.apparmor.profile: unconfined
lxc.cgroup.devices.allow: a
lxc.cap.drop:
var_keyctl=0

Extra Stuff + Troubleshooting

How to Change NODE Host Name

mkdir /etc/pve/nodes/cvpspmox
mv /etc/pve/nodes/hcp/* /etc/pve/nodes/cvpspmox/

If error: can’t move because directory is not empty,- use:

cp -r /etc/pve/nodes/hcp/ /etc/pve/nodes/cvpspmox/
rm -rf /etc/pve/nodes/hcp

If using postfix for mail, update sudo nano /etc/postfix/main.cf

If you have specific storage configurations, check sudo nano /etc/pve/storage.cfg for references to the old name and update them.

systemctl restart pveproxy
reboot

Update SSL Certificate:

pvecm updatecerts -f

Done.

On the Ubuntu LXC/Container

If the below error happens, solution for it:

Error:

run-parts: /etc/update-motd.d/98-fsck-at-reboot exited with return code 2

Solution:

sudo chmod 600 /etc/update-motd.d/98-fsck-at-reboot

Change DNS Settings via Terminal:

nmcli connection show --active
sudo nmcli connection modify "eth0" ipv4.dns "192.168.1.6"  # pihole Proxmox eth0 static local IP.
sudo nmcli connection modify "eth0" ipv4.dns "192.168.1.6 1.1.1.1"